In response to escalating tensions with China and the deadly clashes in Galwan Valley, India has secured an expedited delivery of the first battalion of S-400 long-range surface-to-air missile systems from Russia. This decision comes after a high-level defense delegation from India visited Russia in 2020 for the Victory Day parade, where the future of defense acquisitions was discussed. Alongside the S-400, India is enhancing its air defense with additional Su-30MKI and MiG-29UPG fourth-generation fighter jets to bolster its readiness in the face of China’s growing air force presence, particularly the elite J-16 fighters deployed in the region.

India’s order for five full S-400 units, placed in October 2019, marks it as Russia’s largest export client for the system, significantly outpacing other buyers like China, Belarus, and Algeria. While India’s advanced aircraft like the Su-30MKI could face technological challenges against China’s new J-16, J-10C, and J-20 stealth jets, the S-400 provides a countermeasure with its advanced radar systems and long-range targeting capabilities. With the ability to track and engage up to 80 targets simultaneously, the S-400 can defend against multiple fighter squadrons and even stealth aircraft, such as the J-20 and U.S. F-22, at ranges up to 250 kilometers. Should India opt for the 40N6E missile, that range could extend to 400 kilometers.

India plans to deploy two of its S-400 systems near the Chinese border, with the remaining three positioned along its western border with Pakistan. While the cost of the expedited deliveries remains unclear, India’s strategic focus is firmly on strengthening its defenses against China’s air and missile threats.